Many of us who grew up in Christianity were taught that life and human history is unfolding according to a master blueprint written by God.
Every action that happens, every event, is carefully orchestrated by God. Some of these events have an obvious purpose full of beauty. Some of these events are unspeakably painful, yet we still believe they were carefully crafted and controlled by God in order to lead to a mysterious greater good.
For those of us who grew up with this “blueprint” theology, it can be hard to let go of it– I get it. I used to be there too. Yet, I am so glad I have crossed over, as recognizing that God is not the source of all of my pain and suffering, but rather is the person who longs to sit in it with me and create something more beautiful, is a far more beautiful and hope-filled understanding of God.
I don’t believe that the fact I would have to say goodbye to three out of my four children, and never get to see them grow up, was some good and beautiful plan God had. I don’t believe it was by his hand that I had to sell their beds, their bikes, or that at Christmas time I am faced with a reminder that not all of the stockings need to come out of that box this year.
If that were God’s master plan, it was a cruel plan.
One of the key verses we often turn to when it comes to human suffering is Romans 8:28. It has been quoted to me over and over in my life, from losing a close family member to suicide, to the loss of three children. The verse goes like this:
“All things work together for good…”
You probably know the one I’m talking about.
We take a strange comfort in this verse because we assume it means that every crappy thing that happens to us in life is actually good, and for a good purpose. In that regard, it certainly can be comforting. One of the deepest, most primitive human needs is that of a narrative– we need narratives to help us understand and make meaning of our own stories. It is understandable that we would want to adopt a narrative that says, “everything in your life is intended for good, and every bad thing that ever happened to you was planned for your own good.” However, I don’t think that narrative is a biblical narrative.
This narrative takes the edge off the reality of suffering, the reality of sin, and the reality of genuine evil that impacts our lives. If God caused it for a divine reason, it almost lets us off the hook a bit, because we can just sit back and let God do his thing instead of doing the messy work of making beauty from ashes.
I like how Jessica Kelley handles this verse in her book, Lord Willing: Wrestling with God’s Role in My Child’s Death. She points out that not all translations render the Greek in a way that seems to say that God is the causing agent or master planner behind every act of suffering. Instead, she shows how translations such as the RSV leave one with a completely different understanding. The RSV version reads:
“In everything God works for good with those who love him, who are called according to his purpose.” (Emphasis mine)
Can you see the major difference? In one rendering we’re led to believe that every event is working for good, while the other reminds us that regardless of how horrible of an event occurred, we can trust that God is still working for good, still longing to partner with us, and to bring something beautiful out of it.
There’s a big difference between “all things working together for good” and “God working in all things for good.” In one, God is the causing agent. In the other, God is relentless and unstoppable– he becomes willing and able to take anything you can throw at him, and still find a way to work for good.
Kelley goes on to write:
“According to New Testament scholar Timothy Geddert, the confusion lies around the Greek verb for ‘work together.’ He explains that this verb is not used to describe one person ‘working various ingredients together’; rather, ‘it is about more than one party ‘working together’ on a common project’…Geddert concludes, ‘Romans 8:28 is not about God fitting all things together into a pattern for our benefit. It is about God and those who love God working as partners, ‘working together’ to bring about good in all situations.’
The first interpretation can breed complacency toward evil or offer the misplaced assurance that all bad things are mysteriously working toward our earthly good. It can even compound a victim’s crisis with a crisis of faith as they struggle to accept that it was their heavenly Father who brought about their nightmare.
By contrast, this second rendering of Romans 8:28 can be seen as a challenge issued to Christians. It spurs God’s people to action—to finding ways to join in God’s good work. When we encounter people who feel separated from God’s love, we’re to consider ourselves “co- workers” with God, sent to assure them, as Geddert suggests, in “concrete and tangible ways that God still loves them.”
The difference between how we approach this verse, and how we handle this issue of God’s role in our suffering, has huge consequences for Christian living. If God causes all suffering for some higher good that we just can’t understand, our role becomes sitting back, watching all the “predetermined” events unfold, and hoping we can eventually get a glimpse of what God was trying to do.
However, when we reject the idea that God is the causing agent behind our car accidents, our illnesses, and the loss of our children, but instead is a God who specializes in taking horrible events and brining goodness and beauty out of them when we agree to partner alongside him, we experience not a call to complacency and fear, but of partnership and hope.
Which is more comforting? Which seems most consistent with the revelation of God we see in Jesus? Is it that God causes all our suffering for some mysterious reason, or that God is constantly working with whatever horrible variables we may face, to somehow, someway, bring about good things for us?
I know which makes more sense to me.
Whatever pain and suffering you have experienced in life, whatever loss or devastation you are facing in this moment, you can have comfort in knowing that a loving God did not do this to you– this was not from God’s hand. Instead, our hope is in a God who longs to partner with us, to take all of our brokenness, our hurts, and our sufferings, and to find a way to create beauty from that mess– together.
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19 Responses
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Thank you very much for sharing, I learned a lot from your article. Very cool. Thanks. nimabi
The point of view of your article has taught me a lot, and I already know how to improve the paper on gate.oi, thank you.
I don’t think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article.
Thank-you. This is so spot on. sorry about the lose of your children
Hi Ben, Thanks so much for this.
Can you share a reference for that Geddert commentary? I’d like to dive into the Greek exegetical details there and see if I agree with his interpretation. If so… that’s pretty mind-blowing.
For some reason the links in my email notice cannot get me here from there.
Dear Benjamin Corey:
It’s sometimes said that verbs are the strength of the RSV…
Great stuff, Ben, as usual! Let me add one more thing: the revised standard version talks about our working with God. Some of the other versions give the impression that God only works for the good “for those called according….” The other translations give the impression that God plays favorites, working only for the selected few who are called. But the emphasis upon “with” in the RSV version makes it a statement about how God works with us. I like that so much better!
When I first read this verse in the NIV, it said, “…in all things, God works…” and I took that to mean that whatever happens in our lives, God is working to bring about good from that. Not that God causes bad things, but that he intervenes in the middle of the good and the bad, to bring about good.
I grew up in and was educated Grades K-12 in Lutheran churches and schools. Not ever did I think this passage showed God to be the cause if our suffering. I was taught there that Sin (capital S – or original sin) was the cause. In other words, my own sinful nature and that if the entire world is responsible for suffering. God is the healer and He will turn all things for His good and for His glory.
The NIV, the translation I tend to read, also translates it similarly ” And we know that in all things God works for the good of those who love him, who have been called according to his purpose”.
I thought I would quote the passage in full-
” And we know that in all things God works for the good of those who love him, who have been called according to his purpose. For those God foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brothers and sisters. And those he predestined, he also called; those he called, he also justified; those he justified, he also glorified.
What, then, shall we say in response to these things? If God is for us, who can be against us? He who did not spare his own Son, but gave him up for us all—how will he not also, along with him, graciously give us all things? Who will bring any charge against those whom God has chosen? It is God who justifies. Who then is the one who condemns? No one. Christ Jesus who died—more than that, who was raised to life—is at the right hand of God and is also interceding for us. Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? Shall trouble or hardship or persecution or famine or nakedness or danger or sword? As it is written:
“For your sake we face death all day long;
we are considered as sheep to be slaughtered.”
No, in all these things we are more than conquerors through him who loved us. For I am convinced that neither death nor life, neither angels nor demons, neither the present nor the future, nor any powers, neither height nor depth, nor anything else in all creation, will be able to separate us from the love of God that is in Christ Jesus our Lord.”
Help us Lord to really know your love, and to feel secure in You.
28 And we know that all things work together for good to them that love God, to them who are the called according to his purpose. Romans 8:28
Ever time I see that verse, I get a smile on my face. 🙂 Why? Because when I was 40 years old, something had gotten so bad and I was seeking the truth of a matter and that straight from God. I asked God to guide me, as I studied some scriptures. I asked God to show me the truth of a matter. When I got stuck on one scripture, I despaired from ever finding out the truth. And when I got that low, I looked up from my kitchen table, where I was reading, studying and asking God to show me the truth of a matter. And when I looked up, I saw my rifle in the corner of the room and I had thoughts of suicide. But just as soon as that thought entered my mind, God took it away and that by replacing it, with Romans 8:28. 🙂 And that’s when and how, I knew things were going to be just fine, no matter what. And I just stopped and asked God for the truth, of what I’d been studying on and trying to understand. And that is exactly what God gave me, as God immediately answered my prayer. 🙂
I would also point out the “all things” in question has to do with salvation, not life in this world, as it’s so often taken to mean. God’s working out our election, calling, justification, and glorification. [Ro 8.28-30]
Not so much our career path or who we’ll marry; not what good God might turn our current troubles into. It’s like everybody who quotes this verse totally forgets about Ecclesiastes—an entire book which says time and chance happen to us all. [Ec 9.11]
I. Loved. Lord Willing? Best book on the open theism/warfare view of life, suffering, etc. I was hoping you were going there with this current series. Thanks, Ben!
According to the analyses of the Greek I read on line, the original Greek is even closer to your conception of it than the RSV version, in that what it says is that God works with / uses everything for good I.e. that God takes everything that is, good or bad, and works to make something good out of it.
Another amazing faith-changing reflection that’s going in my homiletic storehouse, Dr. Ben — keep ’em coming!
Amen! It also takes away the righteous judgement view that God is punishing the Godless when disasters happen. That narrow OT view of God was supposed to have disappeared with a rainbow, and yet is still the basis of hatred and bigotry from all manner of Christians. I know that God could not have been punishing me when my father died when I was 19. God didn’t make my father smoke and ignore the signs of an imminent heart attack. He mourned and when I listened, he led me to people who could help me find my way to do good in this world.
How does prayer factor into all this?